СЛОЖНОСТИ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ НЕСТАБИЛЬНОСТИ МОНОНУКЛЕОТИДНЫХ МИКРОСАТЕЛЛИТНЫХ ПОВТОРОВ (MSI) У БОЛЬНЫХ В-КЛЕТОЧНЫМИ ЛИМФОМАМИ

Аннотация

Анализ микросателлитной нестабильности (MSI — microsatellite instability) является рутинным исследованием в диагностике солидных опухолей. Стандартом определения MSI служит пентаплексная панель мононуклеотидных повторов: NR-21, NR-24, NR-27, BAT-25, BAT-26. Факт наличия MSI устанавливается на основании различий длины маркеров в опухолевой и здоровой тканях, однако в силу квазимономорфного характера стандартных мононуклеотидных локусов появление опухолевых ПЦР-продуктов может быть идентифицировано без исследования парных образцов и использование контроля в диагностике MSI-позитивных солидных опухолей на настоящий момент не считается строго необходимым. Значение феномена MSI при гемобластозах исследовано недостаточно. В работе представлены результаты анализа MSI при В-клеточных лимфомах: фолликулярной лимфоме (ФЛ), диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфоме (ДВККЛ), В-клеточной лимфоме высокой степени злокачественности (HGBL). Показано, что аберрации мононуклеотидных маркеров имеют место при перечисленных нозологиях, однако их характер не соответствует классическим проявлениям MSI при солидных новообразованиях. Этот факт требует дальнейшего изучения с позиций уточнения патогенеза подобных генетических нарушений. Ввиду возможности неоднозначной трактовки результатов исследования MSI при ранее не охарактеризованных заболеваниях строгое соблюдение методологии параллельного анализа опухолевой ткани и контрольного образца представляется обязательным.

Об авторах

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