ЛИПОПРОТЕИНЫ ВЫСОКОЙ ПЛОТНОСТИ: ОТ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ К ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ОЦЕНКЕ И ТЕРАПИИ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)

Аннотация

Антиатерогенная роль липопротеинов высокой плотности (ЛПВП) связана, прежде всего, с их участием в обратном транспорте избытка холестерина из периферических тканей в печень. Эффективность данного механизма зависит от способности аполипопротеина А-I (апоА-I) — основного белкового компонента ЛПВП, захватывать холестерин из клеток. Как известно, акцепторные свойства данного белка могут изменяться под влиянием различных факторов. В обзоре обсуждаются современные подходы, направленные как на повышение уровня ЛПВП в плазме крови, так и на сохранение их нативных функциональных свойств. В качестве одного из ключевых критериев функциональности ЛПВП предлагается определять способность ЛПВП осуществлять отток холестерина из макрофагов. Исследования показали, что введение в организм реконструированных ЛПВП или пептидов-миметиков апоА-I ускоряет отток холестерина из периферических тканей, улучшает состояние эндотелия сосудов и приводит к регрессии атеросклеротической бляшки. Таким образом, терапия с использованием реконструированных ЛПВП и/или апоА-I-миметиков может стать эффективным способом лечения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, вызванных накоплением холестерина в сосудистой стенке. Поиск литературы проведён по базам данных: Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Pubmed, Consilium medicum, CyberLeninka, Pubfacts, MedBookAide, Mediasphera.ru, SpringerLink, BioMedSearch.com., ResearchGate.net., Google Scholar, РИНЦ.

Об авторах

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