Аннотация
Цель работы — мониторинг состава микрофлоры толстого кишечника у недоношенных новорожденных детей без и после приёма антибиотиков и пробиотиков. В исследование включены 30 недоношенных детей без приёма антибиотиков и пробиотиков (контрольная группа), 30 недоношенных новорожденных детей после приёма пробиотиков, 30 недоношенных новорожденных детей после назначения антибиотиков. Проведено культуральное исследование с применением оптимальных питательных сред (HiMedia, Индия) и тест-систем для идентификации (bio Mérieux Vitek, Inc, Индия). В кишечной микрофлоре у недоношенных новорожденных на фоне приёма пробиотиков по сравнению с детьми, не получавшими антимикробные препараты (АМП), чаще изолировались Stomatococcus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacteroides spp., Еscherichia сoli, Lactobacillus spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis. Реже выделялись Micrococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp. На фоне приёма АМП по сравнению с контрольной группой реже изолировались Bifidobacterium spp, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Peptococcus spp. Чаще выделялись Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Clostridium spp., Bacteroides spp., Enterococcus faecalis. Только после курса АМП в 4-8% появлялись Veillonella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus megaterium. Пробиотики в отличие от АМП улучшают нормобиоценоз и в некоторых случаях более эффективно угнетают патогенную и условно-патогенную микрофлору.
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