Аннотация
Вирусный гепатит В продолжает оставаться важной проблемой здравоохранения. Всё больше внимания уделяется изучению распространения данной нозологии, включая HBsAg-негативной формы. Производилось взятие проб биологического материала (сыворотка и плазма крови) от 450 ВИЧ-позитивных пациентов и 518 человек без ВИЧ-инфекции. Определялись HBsAg, антитела к HBcAg (анти-HBc) (метод ИФА) и ДНК ВГВ (RT-PCR). Установлено, что частота выявления HBsAg (5,11%) и анти-HBc (33,11%) среди лиц, живущих с ВИЧ (ЛЖВ) оказалась в 5,3 и 2,4 раза выше в сравнении с условно-здоровым населением (0,96% и 13,71%, соответственно). HBsAg среди ВИЧ-инфицированных мужчин (5,79%) выявлялся статистически значимо чаще (р<0,001) в сравнении с мужчинами, неинфицированными ВИЧ (0,38%), когда между ВИЧ-инфицированными (4,19%) и неинфицированными женщинами (1,58%) статистически значимых отличий (р=0,09) в регистрации указанного маркёра вируса гепатита В (ВГВ) не установлено. Среди условно-здорового населения отмечена тенденция увеличения частоты регистрации анти-HBc с возрастом, наибольшие значения выявлены в возрастной категории 50 лет и старше (18-29 лет - 2,31%; 30-39 лет - 16,41%; 40-49 лет - 14,88%; 50 лет и старше - 20,86%). В группе ВИЧ-инфицированных лиц анти-HBc чаще регистрировались в возрасте 30-39 и 40-49 лет (18-29 лет - 1,69%; 30-39 лет - 39,15%; 40-49 лет - 38,13% 50 лет и старше - 33,33%). Лабораторные признаки HBsAg-негативной формы гепатита В в группе ЛЖВ выявлены у 2,01% обследованных и у 1,41% лиц контрольной группы (р>0,05). Установлено, что ЛЖВ подвержены более частому инфицированию ВГВ, чем условно-здоровые лица, для подтверждения имеющихся отличий в частоте регистрации признаков HBsAg-негативного гепатита В необходимо увеличение выборки для получения более точных результатов.
Annotation
Viral hepatitis B remains a pressing issue of the healthcare system. A lot of attention is paid to evaluate the disease spread including HBsAg-negative form of viral hepatitis B. Biological material (blood serum and plasma) was obtained from 450 HIV-positive patients and 518 people without HIV-infection. Biological material was tested for the presence of HBsAg, antibodies to HBcAg (anti-HBc) (ELISA) and HBV DNA (RT-PCR). HBsAg and anti-HBc detection rates among people living with HIV (5.11% and 33.11% respectively) were higher by 5.3 and 2.4 times compared to non-infected people (0.96% и 13.71% respectively). HBsAg among HIV-infected men (5.79%) was detected more frequently compared to men without HIV-infection (0.38%, р<0,001). At the same time no statistically significant differences (p=0.09) were found between the prevalence of HBsAg among HIV-infected women (4.19%) and women of the control group (1.58%). A tendency towards an increase of frequency of anti-HBc registration with age was observed among apparently healthy individuals and highest rates were detected among people aged 50 years or older (18-29 years of age - 2.31%; 30-39 years of age - 16.41%; 40-49 years of age - 14.88%; aged 50 years or older - 20.86%). Highest anti-HBc detection rates among HIV-positive individuals were revealed among people of 30-39 and 40-49 years of age (18-29 years of age - 1.69%; 30-39 years of age - 39.15%; 40-49 years of age - 38.13%; aged 50 years or older - 33.33%). Laboratory evidence of HBsAg-negative hepatitis B among people living with HIV were detected in 2.01% of the survey group and among 1.41% of the control group (р>0,05). The research established that people living with HIV are at risk of acquiring HBV compared to apparently healthy people. However in order to confirm the revealed differences in the detection rate of HBsAg-negative hepatitis B between HIV-positive group and the control group the number of surveyed people should be increased.
Key words: HIV-infection; hepatitis B; occult hepatitis B; HBsAg-negative hepatitis B; prevalence.
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