Микробиом зубного камня: экосистема ротовой полости и её влияние на здоровье человека (обзор литературы)

Аннотация

Микробиота зубного камня является сложной экосистемой, играющей значительную роль в здоровье ротовой полости и влияющей на развитие системных заболеваний. В данной обзорной статье рассматриваются современные методы изучения микробиома зубного камня, включая метагеномный анализ и машинное обучение, а также их значение для диагностики и профилактики заболеваний. Особое внимание уделяется взаимосвязи микробиома зубного камня с такими заболеваниями, как атеросклероз, сахарный диабет и болезнь Альцгеймера. Обсуждаются перспективные терапевтические подходы, включая пробиотическую коррекцию, применение антимикробных пептидов и генетические методы модификации микробиома. Также рассматриваются потенциальные мишени для предотвращения патологических изменений микробиома и возможности использования этих данных в персонализированной медицине. Целью данного обзора является систематизация современных знаний о микробиоме зубного камня, его составе, биологической роли, влиянии на стоматологическое здоровье, а также возможностях его клинического применения. Представленные в работе результаты подтверждают важность дальнейших исследований в данной области для разработки новых стратегий профилактики и лечения стоматологических и системных заболеваний.

Annotation

The dental calculus microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays a significant role in oral health and influences the development of systemic diseases. This review article discusses current methods for studying the dental calculus microbiome, including metagenomic analysis and machine learning, and their implications for disease diagnosis and prevention. Particular attention is paid to the relationship of the dental calculus microbiome with diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease. Promising therapeutic approaches are discussed, including probiotic correction, the use of antimicrobial peptides, and genetic methods to modify the microbiome. Potential targets for preventing pathological changes in the microbiome and the potential use of these findings in personalized medicine are also reviewed. The aim of this review is to systematize current knowledge about the dental calculus microbiome, its composition, biological role, impact on dental health, and potential clinical applications. The results presented in this paper confirm the importance of further research in this area for the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of dental and systemic diseases.
Key words: microbiome; calculus plaque; dental plaque; review

Об авторах

Список литературы

ЛИТЕРАТУРА
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Almeida-Santos A., Martins-Mendes D., Gayà-Vidal M., Pérez-Pardal L., Beja-Pereira A. Characterization of the Oral Microbiome of Medicated Type-2 Diabetes Patients. Frontiers in microbiology. 2021; 12: 610370. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2021.610370.
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Coates J. Got teeth? How the oral microbiome and diet affects our oral health and the future of dentistry. 2017. DOI:10.15786/13700440.V1.

REFERENСES

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Innocenti G., Martino M. E., Stellini E., Di Fiore A., Quagliariello A. Dental calculus microbiome correlates with dietary intake. Molecular oral microbiology. 2023; 38 (3): 189–97. DOI: 10.1111/omi.12404.
Brealey J., Leitão H., Van Der Valk T., Xu W., Bougiouri K., Dalén L. Dental Calculus as a Tool to Study the Evolution of the Mammalian Oral Microbiome. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2020; 37 (10): 3003-22. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa135.
Akcalı A., Lang N. Dental calculus: the calcified biofilm and its role in disease development. Periodontology. 2000. 2018; 76: 109–15. DOI:10.1111/prd.12151.
Parajuli A., Gurung G. Giant Dental Calculus Mimicking a Tumor: A Case Report. Birat Journal of Health Sciences. 2023; 8 (3): 2198-2200. DOI: 10.62065/bjhs482.
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Thornhill M., Crum A., Rex S., Campbell R., Stone T., Bradburn M. et al. Infective endocarditis following invasive dental procedures: IDEA case-crossover study. Health technology assessment. 2022; 26 (28): 1-86. DOI: 10.3310/NEZW6709.
Kumar A., Casamassimo P., Kovalchin J., Claman D., Peng J., McDaniel J. et al. The changing profile of infective endocarditis: A multi-year retrospective study for dentists. International journal of paediatric dentistry. 2024; 34 (5): 673–9. DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13167.
Duval X., Millot S., Chirouze C., Selton-Suty C., Moby V., Tattevin P. et al. Oral Streptococcal Endocarditis, Oral Hygiene Habits, and Recent Dental Procedures: A Case-Control Study. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2017; 64: 1678–85. DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix237.
Almeida-Santos A., Martins-Mendes D., Gayà-Vidal M., Pérez-Pardal L., Beja-Pereira A. Characterization of the Oral Microbiome of Medicated Type-2 Diabetes Patients. Frontiers in microbiology. 2021; 12: 610370. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.610370.
Long J., Cai Q., Steinwandel M., Hargreaves M., Bordenstein S., Blot W. et al. Association of oral microbiome with type 2 diabetes risk. Journal of Periodontal Research. 2017; 52: 636–43. DOI: 10.1111/jre.12432.
Wu Y.F., Lee W.F., Salamanca E., Yao W.L., Su J.N., Wang S.Y. et al. Oral Microbiota Changes in Elderly Patients, an Indicator of Alzheimer’s Disease. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021; 18 (8): 4211. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084211.
Wan J., Fan H. Oral microbiome and Alzheimer’s disease. Microorganisms. 2023; 11 (10): 2550. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102550.
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Belibasakis G., Bostancı N.;, Marsh P., Zaura E. Applications of the oral microbiome in personalized dentistry. Archives of oral biology. 2019; 104: 7-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.023.
Sharipov R.A., Omarov M.A., Mulyukov A.R., Dybova A.I., Vyaseleva E.T., Kayumova N.B. et al. Benefits of using the CRISPR-Cas9 system in the modification of genetic disorders. Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology. 2023; 41 (3): 3‑8. DOI: 10.17116/molgen2023410313.
Coates J. Got teeth? How the oral microbiome and diet affects our oral health and the future of dentistry. 2017. DOI:10.15786/13700440.V1.

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